Quercus rubra

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Quercus rubra
Quercus rubra

Taxonavigation

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Taxonavigation: Fagales 
Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Cladus: Core eudicots
Cladus: Rosids
Cladus: Eurosids I
Ordo: Fagales

Familia: Fagaceae
Genus: Quercus
Species: Quercus rubra

Name

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Quercus rubra L., Sp. Pl.: 996 (1753).

Synonyms

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  • Homotypic
    • Erythrobalanus rubra (L.) O.Schwarz, Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 13: 4 (1936).
  • Heterotypic
    • Quercus rubra var. maxima Marshall, Arbust. Amer.: 122 (1785).
    • Quercus rubra var. ramosissima Marshall, Arbust. Amer.: 122 (1785).
    • Quercus rubra var. subserrata Lam., Encycl. 1: 720 (1785).
    • Quercus rubra var. latifolia Aiton, Hort. Kew. 3: 357 (1789).
    • Quercus rubra var. hispanica Castigl., Viagg. Stati Uniti 2: 347 (1790).
    • Quercus ambigua F.Michx., Hist. Arbr. Forest. 2: 120 (1811), nom. illeg.
    • Quercus borealis F.Michx., N. Amer. Sylv. 1: 98 (1817).
    • Quercus angulizana Raf., Alsogr. Amer.: 22 (1838).
    • Quercus acerifolia G.Kirchn. in E.A.Petzold & G.Kirchner, Arbor. Muscav.: 652 (1864), pro syn.
    • Quercus coccinea var. ambigua (F.Michx.) A.Gray, Manual, ed. 5: 454 (1867).
    • Quercus rubra var. pendula de Vos, Bered. Woordenboek: 101 (1867).
    • Quercus sada Mast., Gard. Chron., n.s., 4: 685 (1875).
    • Quercus cuneata Dippel, Handb. Laubholzk. 2: 111 (1891), nom. illeg.
    • Quercus rubra var. latepinnatifida Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 642 (1891).
    • Quercus rubra var. borealis (F.Michx.) Farw., Ann. Rep. Mich. Acad. Sci. 6: 206 (1904).
    • Quercus rubra var. ambigua (F.Michx.) Fernald in A.Gray, Manual, ed. 7: 341 (1908).
    • Quercus borealis var. maxima (Marshall) Sargent, Rhodora 18: 48 (1916).
    • Quercus maxima (Marshall) Ashe, Proc. Soc. Amer. Foresters 11: 90 (1916).
    • Quercus rubra f. cuneata Trel., Mem. Natl. Acad. Sci. 20: 202 (1924).
    • Quercus rubra f. houbae Trel., Mem. Natl. Acad. Sci. 20: 201 (1924).
    • Quercus rubra f. juvenilis Trel., Mem. Natl. Acad. Sci. 20: 201 (1924).
    • Quercus rubra f. obovata Trel., Mem. Natl. Acad. Sci. 20: 201 (1924).
    • Quercus borealis var. flabellata Croizat, Torreya 36: 141 (1936).
    • Quercus borealis f. flabellata (Croizat) Rehder, Bibliogr. Cult. Trees: 653 (1949).

Hybrids

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Distribution

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Native distribution areas:
Quercus rubra
  • Continental: Europe (introduced)
    • Regional: Northern Europe
      • Denmark, Norway, Sweden.
    • Regional: Middle Europe
      • Austria, Belgium, Czechoslovakia, Germany, Hungary, Netherlands, Poland, Switzerland.
    • Regional: Southwestern Europe
      • France, Portugal, Sardegna, Spain.
    • Regional: Southeastern Europe
      • Bulgaria, Greece, Italy, Romania.
    • Regional: Eastern Europe
      • Krym, Ukraine.
  • Continental: Australasia (introduced)
    • Regional: New Zealand
      • New Zealand North, New Zealand South.
  • Continental: Northern America
    • Regional: Eastern Canada
      • New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, Québec.
    • Regional: North-Central U.S.A.
      • Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, Oklahoma, Wisconsin.
    • Regional: Northeastern U.S.A.
      • Connecticut, Indiana, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, West Virginia.
    • Regional: Southeastern U.S.A.
      • Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, District of Columbia.

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition

References

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Primary references

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Additional references

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  • Govaerts, R.H.A. & Frodin, D. 1998. World Checklist and Bibliography of Fagales (Betulaceae, Corylaceae, Fagaceae and Ticodendraceae). VIII + 408 p. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. ISBN 1-900347-46-6. Reference page
  • Hohla, M. (2014). Hystrix patula - neu für Österreich, sowie weitere Beiträge zur Flora von Oberösterreich, Salzburg, Steiermark und Vorarlberg. Stapfia 101: 83-100.
  • Rosati, L. & al. (2012). Un aggiornamento alla flora del Cilento e della Campania Informatore Botanico Italiano 44: 111-119.
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Vernacular names

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aragonés: Caxico americano
dansk: Rød-Eg
Deutsch: Amerikanische Rot-Eiche
English: Northern red oak
Esperanto: Ruĝa kverko
eesti: Punane tamm
euskara: Haritz gorria / Haritz amerikarra
suomi: Punatammi
français: Chêne rouge d'Amérique
galego: Carballo americano
magyar: Vörös tölgy, amerikai tölgy, amerikai vöröstölgy
македонски: Црвен даб
polski: dąb czerwony
português: Carvalho-americano
中文: 北美紅橡
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